Thoracic Magnetic Resonance Imaging
نویسندگان
چکیده
Pediatric chest MRI faces many challenges. High resolution scans of the lungs and airways are compromised by long imaging times, low lung proton density signal and cardiac and respiratory motion. A low lung signal is problematic in imaging relatively normal lung tissue, but less so for diseased lung tissue. Indeed, various pathologic conditions often result in an increased signal from lung parenchyma that can render chest MRI more informative. One of the most important criteria for successful chest MRI is proper patient cooperation. In fact, relatively long acquisition times of MRI makes patient preparation crucial. Children usually have problems with long breath holds or the concept of quiet breathing. The acquisition of chest MRI in young children is even more challenging because of higher cardiac and respiratory rates, which result in motion and imaging blurring. For these reasons, to date computed tomography (CT) has been preferred over MRI for chest pediatric imaging. Despite its drawbacks, MRI also has advantages over CT, which justifies its further development and clinical use. The most important advantage is the absence of ionizing radiation, which allows frequent scanning for short and long term follow-up studies of chronic diseases. Moreover, MRI allows the assessment of functional aspects of the chest, such as lung perfusion and ventilation, or airways and diaphragm mechanics. In this review, we describe the most common MRI acquisition techniques on the verge of clinical translation, their problems and the possible solutions to make chest MRI feasible in children.
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تاریخ انتشار 2016